Vaspin (386-414) (Human)

	Catalog #	Size	Price
	002-66	100 µg	$267

Sequence: ()

Ile-Asp-Lys-Pro-Tyr-Leu-Leu-Leu-Ile-Tyr-Ser-Glu-Lys-Ile-Pro-Ser-Val-Leu-Phe-Leu-Gly-Lys-Ile-Val-Asn-Pro-Ile-Gly-Lys

Molecular Weight:	3272.02
Purity:	≥ 95%
Validation:	Exhibits correct molecular weight
Solubility:	Insoluble in water. Dissolve in 50-100 µl of DMSO or 60% acetonitrile in water. Then dilute with water or any desired buffer.
Storage:	Up to 6 months in lyophilized form at 0-5°C. For best results, rehydrate just before use. After rehydration, keep solution at +4°C for up to 5 days or freeze at -20°C for up to 3 months. Aliquot before freezing to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Appearance:	White powder
Contents:	Each vial contains 100 µg of NET peptide.

Visceral Adipose Tissue-derived Serpin: An Insulin-sensitizing Adipocytokine

Amino acid sequence, structural analyses, and gene expresion of vaspin in various tissues.

Visceral adipose tissue-derived serine protease inhibitor: a unique insulin-sensitizing adipocytokine in obesity.

There is a rapid global rise in obesity, and the link between obesity and diabetes remains somewhat obscure. We identified an adipocytokine, designated as visceral adipose tissue-derived serpin (vaspin), which is a member of serine protease inhibitor family. Vaspin cDNA was isolated by from visceral white adipose tissues (WATs) of Otsuka Long-Evans Tokushima fatty (OLETF) rat, an animal model of abdominal obesity with type 2 diabetes. Rat, mouse, and human vaspins are made up of 392, 394, and 395 amino acids, respectively; exhibit approximately 40% homology with alpha1-antitrypsin; and are related to serine protease inhibitor family. Vaspin was barely detectable in rats at 6 wk and was highly expressed in adipocytes of visceral WATs at 30 wk, the age when obesity, body weight, and insulin levels peak in OLETF rats. The tissue expression of vaspin and its serum levels decrease with worsening of diabetes and body weight loss at 50 wk. The expression and serum levels were normalized with the treatment of insulin or insulin-sensitizing agent, pioglitazone, in OLETF rats. Administration of vaspin to obese CRL:CD-1 (ICR) (ICR) mice fed with high-fat high-sucrose chow improved glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity reflected by normalized serum glucose levels. It also led to the reversal of altered expression of genes relevant to insulin resistance, e.g., leptin, resistin, TNFalpha, glucose transporter-4, and adiponectin. In DNA chip analyses, vaspin treatment resulted in the reversal of expression in approximately 50% of the high-fat high-sucrose-induced genes in WATs. These findings indicate that vaspin exerts an insulin-sensitizing effect targeted toward WATs in states of obesity.

Hida K, Wada J, Eguchi J, et al. Visceral adipose tissue-derived serine protease inhibitor: a unique insulin-sensitizing adipocytokine in obesity. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2005;102(30):10610-5.

Expression of vaspin in 293T cells, adipocytes, and stromal vascular cells. (A) Western blot analysis of mouse vaspin by using supernatants of 293T cultured cells transfected with AxCAmOL64 and polyclonal antivaspin Ab. A prominent band of ~45 kDa is observed. (B) Western blots of purified recombinant human and mouse vaspins, derived from E. coli by using pET expression system. (C) Western blot analyses of vaspin by using sera of OLETF and LETO rats, and OLETF rats with EXE, OLETF rats administered TZD and insulin (INS). A major ~45-kDa band and a minor ~50-kDa band are seen at 30 wk. Band intensity is notably less at 50 wk in OLTEF rats, but it seems to be normalized with insulin and TZD treatments. (D) Expression of vaspin in mature adipocytes and stromal vascular cells isolated from epidydimal (EPI), retroperitoneal (RET), MES, and SUB WATs as analyzed by Northern and Western blot analyses. Expression is confined to adipocytes of visceral WATs and not to stromal endothelial or vascular cells. (E and F) Expression in the adipocytes was confirmed by immunofluorescence microscopy in 30-wk-old OLETF rats. (Scale bars: E, 100 µm; F, 25 µm.).

Hida K, et al. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2005 Jul 26;102(30):10610-5

Effect of vaspin on leptin, resistin, TNF, GLUT4, and adiponectin in obese ICR mice fed with HFHS chow. Vaspin administration reverses gene expression profile of WATs. (A and B) Injection of rhVaspin suppressed gene expression of leptin, resistin, and TNF and increased the expression of glucose transporter-4 and adiponectin in obese ICR mice with HFHS chow. Data are mean ± SEM (n = 5). *, P < 0.05; **, P < 0.01. (C) Principal component analysis showing that the HFHS-chow-induced gene expression profile in MES and SUB fats is distinct from that of ICR mice with STD chow and after injection of rhVaspin (VAS). (D) Hierarchical clustering analysis seems to divide in two distinct groups, HFHS and STD chow groups. Both the MES and the SUB gene expression profile in rhVaspin-treated ICR mice fed with HFHS chow is on the same branch as mice fed STD chow.

Hida K, et al. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2005 Jul 26;102(30):10610-5

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